Dialectal causative

Technical note on dialect differences in the treatment of Causative "da"

Western and Northern dialects of Hausa treat the da as an ending on the verb, i.e. it is part of the verb. These dialects generally use only the form called "short" form causative here, treating it as a regular Hi-Lo-a verb ("Grade 1" in the Hausa Grade System). The forms for the Causative counterpart of tsaya 'stop' would be as follows:

No object Na tsaida.
(with long final vowel on the verb) 'I stopped (it).'

Pronoun direct object Na tsaida ta.
(with Direct Object Pronoun and lengthened final vowel on the verb) 'I stopped her.'

Noun direct object Na tsaida akwiya. 'I stopped the goat.'

Indirect object Na tsaida mishi akwiya.
(with long final vowel on the verb) 'I stopped the goat for him.'

Verbal noun tsaidawa 'stopping'

No object	Na tsaida. (with long final vowel on the verb)	'I stopped (it).'
Pronoun direct object	Na tsaida ta. (with Direct Object Pronoun and lengthened final vowel on the verb)	'I stopped her.'
Noun direct object	Na tsaida akwiya.	'I stopped the goat.'
Indirect object	Na tsaida mishi akwiya. (with long final vowel on the verb)	'I stopped the goat for him.'
Verbal noun	tsaidawa	'stopping'